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MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING - MRI COMPATIBLE

Magnetic Resonance Imaging - MRI Compatible

Human and Animal Protocols

BIOPAC offers a series of magnetic resonance imaging compatible electrodes, electrode leads, transducers, and stimulus options for safe data acquisition of physiological signals in the MRI environment. Specialized cable systems provide isolated and RF filtered interfacing between the subject/chamber panel and the control room.

Record physiological signals such as: Electrocardiogram (ECG), Electromyogram (EMG), Electroculogram (EOG), Electrogastrogram (EGG), Temperature, Respiration, Electrodermal Activity (EDA, EDR, SCL, SCR or GSR), Pulse, Hand Grip Strength (Dynamometry), Finger Twitch, and a variety of pressure based signals. For small animal cardiovascular and neuro studies, use the Micro Pressure Measurement System to record pressure signals such as BP, LVP, and cranial pressure. Microvascular blood perfusion can be measured with the Laser Doppler Flow System.

Generally considered, if the transducer is MRI-compatible, the signal can be recorded during an MRI scan. Transducer signals are typically high level and slow moving. These two features allow the transducer signal to be easily filtered to remove MRI artifact.

MRI scan of TSD170 series transducer measuring pressure in a mouse heart

BIOPAC products available for use in the MRI with appropriate MRI Cable Systems (summary guide ) include:

Biopotential amplifiers—Electrogastrogram: EGG100C, Electromyogram: EMG100C for integrated EMG, Electorocoulogram: EOG100C, Electrocardiogram: ECG100C

Transducer amplifiers & transducersElectrodermal response: GSR100C + TSD203; Respiratory effort: RSP100C + TSD201; Skin temperature: SKT100C + TSD202 Series

Specialty modules— CO2 production: CO2100C; plus, if gas sampling: AFT30-XL + AFT21; O2 production: CO2100C; plus, if gas sampling: AFT30-XL + AFT21; Blood flow (laser Doppler): LDF100C + TSD147AL; Blood Pressure: MPMS100A + TSD170 series

Stimulus—Electrical stimulation: STM100C + INISO; Stimulus presentation: STP100W

Special electrodes & leads—These radiotranslucent electrodes and leads are non-magnetic and non-metallic and provide high quality signals without interfering with the MRI—they are highly recommended for measuring biopotentials in the MRI. Disposable electrodes: EL508. Reusable carbon fiber lead electrodes: EL254RT and EL258RT. Reusable leads: LEAD108 (1.8 m) or LEAD108A (3.6 m)


For more information on how to record specific physiological data in an MRI, see:

- tabs above: Advanced Features, Application Notes, Publications

- menu above left: Products > MRI > Cable Systems

- contact BIOPAC


Advanced Features
 MRI Airflow
 MRI Animal
 MRI Biopotential Signals
 MRI CO2 (ETCO2) and O2 Respiratory Gas Analysis
 MRI ECG Recording
 MRI Electrodermal Activity
 MRI Pulse Signal
 MRI Respiration
 MRI Small Animal Monitoring
 MRI Stimulus Options
 MRI Subject Feedback
 MRI Temperature
 MRI Trigger / R-wave Synch

Application Details
Respiration
  • Use TSD110-MRI: place the anesthetized animal on the sensor pad and run the AFT30-XL through the wave guide.

MRI TSD110-MRI Mouse Respiration

Invasive Blood Pressure
  • General arterial pressure signals: use TSD104A (with custom cable) 
  • LVP & RVP measurements: use MPMS100A-1 or -2 with a TSD170 series transducer
  •   
  • Noninvasive Blood Pressure
  • NIBP200A + RXTCUFSEN-MRI: cuff/sensor transducers have an 8 m cable and fit 9.5 mm to 13 mm (approx. animal size 100 g -350 g).

NIBP200A MRI Data

 

Temperature
  • Surface temperature: use TSD202A or TSD202E.
  • Rectal temperature: use TSD202F.
Biopotentials
  • ECG: Use LEAD108 and EL508; Sample at 2 kHz.
    • The ECG is highly distorted in the MRI because the magnetic field of the MRI cause a radical change in the heart's ability to squeeze blood out rapidly, due to eddy currents in the chamber of the heart. The T waves almost vanish and the QRS wave grows to about 250 ms (normally about 70 ms).
    • Add an ECG alarm (OUT102) for an audible reference of the subject's heart rate while in the imager.
    • To synchronize an MRI System with the occurrence of the R-wave present in animal (high frequency) ECG data being recorded on an ECG100C amplifier directing its output to the MP System, use the DTU100 Digital Trigger Unit.
  • EEG: Use LEAD108 and EL508; Sample at 2 kHz.
    • EEG data can be obtained if one looks "between" the scans. The RF energy pulses directed at the body are really large and this energy corrupts the small EEG signal. The longer the latency between scans, the easier of a time you will have in attempting to extract EEG.
  • EGG: Use LEAD108 and EL508; Sample at 2 kHz.
  • EMG: Use LEAD108 and EL508; Sample at 5 kHz.
    • EMG data can be obtained if one looks "between" the scans. The RF energy pulses directed at the body are really large and this energy corrupts the small EMG signal. The longer the latency between scans, the easier of a time you will have in attempting to extract EMG.
  • EOG: Use LEAD108 and EL508; Sample at 2 kHz.
Comb filtering (embedded in AcqKnowledge 3.8.2 and above for Windows and 3.9.1 and above for Mac) can be set by looking at the FFT of the corrupted data. The important issue here is to make sure the sampling rate is fast enough to capture the MRI artifact. In practice this means sampling at 10 kHz per channel for EMG and 2 kHz for ECG and EEG. Accordingly, only MP150s can be considered for this work.  
MRI Mouse ECG HR Respiration
Microvascular flow
  • TSD140 series: use the single fiber cable because it is longer than the standard probes
Digital Trigger Unit
  • DTU100: trigger the MRI based on a clean ECG R-wave signal or a respiration signal.

MRI Trigger DTU100 ECG mouse

Stimulation
  • MECMRI-STMISO + STM100C + STMISOC + LEAD142 + appropriate electrode wire.
    • Stainless steel needle electrodes (EL450 series) may be OK in MRI, but local heating may be a concern.
  • Surface electrodes, such as the EL254RT, can also be used, subject to animal size.
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